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American social game developer

Zynga Inc.
Zynga.svg

Type of site

 Public
Traded equally
  • Nasdaq: ZNGA (Course A)
  • Russell g Component
Founded April 2007; xv years ago  (2007-04) [one]
Headquarters San Francisco, California, U.S.
Surface area served Worldwide
Founder(south)
  • Mark Pincus
  • Justin Waldron
  • Eric Schiermeyer
  • Michael Luxton
  • Steve Schoettler
Fundamental people
  • Mark Pincus
  • (Co-founder & Executive Chairman)
  • Frank Gibeau (CEO)
  • Gerard Griffin (CFO)
Industry Video games
Acquirement Increase U.s.a.$ i.97 billion (2020)
Operating income Decrease US$ -370.two million (2020)
Internet income Decrease US$ -429.4 million (2020)
Total assets Increase Us$ six.21 billion (2020)
Total equity Increase US$ 2.94 billion (2020)
Employees 2,245 (2020)
Parent Take-2 Interactive
URL www.zynga.com Edit this at Wikidata
Registration Yes
Users Increase 134 million monthly active users (2020)
Increase 36 meg daily active users (2020)
[nb 1] [3] [4] [5]

Zynga Inc. is an American developer running social video game services. It was founded in Apr 2007, with headquarters in San Francisco.[ii] The company primarily focuses on mobile and social networking platforms.[6] [seven] Zynga states its mission as "connecting the globe through games".[8]

Zynga launched its all-time-known game, FarmVille, on Facebook in June 2009,[ane] [ix] reaching ten 1000000 daily active users (DAU) within six weeks.[10] Equally of August 2017, Zynga had thirty million monthly agile users (MAU).[xi] In 2017, its most successful games were Zynga Poker and Words with Friends two, with about 57 1000000 games beingness played at any given moment;[12] [13] and CSR Racing ii, the most popular racing game on mobile devices.[14] Zynga began trading on NASDAQ on December 16, 2011,[fifteen] under the ticker ZNGA.[sixteen] [17] [18]

Take-Two Interactive announced in January 2022 its intent to buy Zynga for $12.7 billion.[19]

History [edit]

Zynga was founded in April 2007 by Mark Pincus, Eric Schiermeyer, Justin Waldron, Michael Luxton, Steve Schoettler, and Andrew Trader nether the name Presidio Media.[20] [ii] [3] The visitor proper noun changed to Zynga in July 2007.[2] [21] Zynga was named after Pincus' American bulldog "Zinga",[22] [23] and uses an image of a bulldog every bit its logo. Zynga's starting time game, Texas Concur'Em Poker, now known equally Zynga Poker, was released on Facebook in July 2007. It was the first game Facebook introduced on its social networking platform.[24]

Zynga became the Facebook app programmer with the virtually monthly active users in April 2009, with forty million people playing their games that month.[25] Soon after, the company opened its first external game studio in Baltimore, Zynga East, led by Brian Reynolds.[26] [27] [28] [ better source needed ]

In June 2009, Zynga acquired MyMiniLife which built and launched FarmVille on Facebook. By August, Farmville was the first game on Facebook to reach 10 million daily agile users.[29] On November 23, 2009, FarmVille.com went alive as Zynga'southward first stand-lonely game.[30] In Feb 2010, Farmville had over 80 million players,[31] and on May eighteen, 2010, Facebook and Zynga entered into a v-twelvemonth human relationship to aggrandize the apply of Facebook Credits in Zynga'south games.[32]

In December 2010, Zynga's game CityVille surpassed FarmVille as its most popular game[33] with over 61 million monthly agile users and a base of over sixteen million daily agile users.[34]

Zynga filed with the U.Southward. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) to enhance up to $1 billion in an initial public offering on July one, 2011. At the time, the company had 2,000 employees.[35] Zynga began trading on NASDAQ on December 16, 2011.[ citation needed ]

On June 26, 2012, during the Zynga Unleashed briefing, Zynga appear the "Zynga With Friends" network, aiming to connect players of Zynga game titles across multiple platforms.[36] Zynga also announced the Zynga API, intended to aid developers build social games.[37] The company announced that three new partners were developing games for Zynga.com including 50 Cubes, Majesco Amusement and Portalarium. The visitor unveiled the Zynga Partners for Mobile program to help increase Zynga's presence on mobile devices.[38]

In October 2012, Zynga announced a partnership with bwin.party, an international real-coin gaming operator, to launch real-coin gaming in the Britain,[39] including the release of online poker, a suite of 180 casino games, and the first online FarmVille-branded existent money slots game during 2013.[39] [40] [41]

On June iii, 2013, Zynga appear layoffs of 520 employees — roughly 18% of its workforce[42] — and closed offices in New York, Los Angeles, and Dallas.[43] [44] By July 2013, Zynga had reportedly lost nearly one-half of its user base of operations from the previous year. Consequently, investors decreased Zynga'due south valuation past $400 million.[45] On July 25, 2013, Zynga said they would non be pursuing real money game production in the The states.[46] Following this announcement, shares dropped 13%.[47]

In July 2013, Zynga hired Microsoft's Interactive Entertainment President Don Mattrick as its new CEO.[48] [49] Pincus remained as Zynga's chairman and chief product officer.[50] [51]

In Jan 2014, the company announced the layoff of 314 workers, nearly xv% of its total workforce.[52] [53] In April 2014, founder & sometime CEO Pincus stepped downwardly from his role as chief product officeholder. He remained every bit chairman of the board.[54]

Starting time quarter results for 2022 showed that daily active user numbers vicious from 53 million to 28 million year-over-year.[55] In April 2014, the company announced its new rent of Alex Garden, co-founder of Relic Entertainment and former Microsoft Game Studios executive.[56]

In July 2014, Zynga signed a lease for part infinite in Maitland, Florida. Less than one year afterward, this Orlando-area office was closed.[57] [58]

Don Mattrick left Zynga in April 2015, replaced by predecessor Marker Pincus.[59] Frank Gibeau took over as CEO on March vii, 2016, with Pincus one time over again stepping aside. Gibeau's last position was equally caput of mobile for Electronic Arts. He joined Zynga's Board of Directors in August, 2015.[60] [61]

Zynga headquarters in San Francisco in 2016

In the fourth quarter of 2017, revenue was $233.3 meg, a 22% increase from the same quarter in 2016, the all-time quarterly performance in v years.[62] Equally of January 2018, Zynga had ane,681 employees,[63] approximately 80 million monthly active users,[64] and a market capitalization of $3.39 billion.[65] Co-ordinate to the company, Zynga has had over one billion people play its games since its inception in 2007.[66]

On January 10, 2022, Take-Two Interactive announced its intention to acquire the visitor in a cash-and-stock deal with a value of $12.seven billion, with Take-Two acquiring all outstanding shares of Zynga at $9.86 apiece. The deal is expected to close in June.[19]

Funding [edit]

In its first round of funding in January 2008, Zynga received US$10 million.[67] In July of the same twelvemonth, Zynga received US$29 million in venture finance from several firms.[68] During its first four years of operation Zynga raised a total of $854 million in three rounds of fund raising. The concluding circular, in February 2011, raised $490 million.[69]

Public offering [edit]

On July 1, 2011, the visitor filed its Class Southward-ane registration argument with the U.Due south. Securities and Commutation Commission (SEC).[70] Zynga was priced at $10 per share and began trading on NASDAQ under ZNGA on December 16, 2011. The stock closed down five% on its first day,[xv] so climbed 26% to $13.39 per share after Facebook'due south IPO filing on February 1, 2012 (Facebook had reported that 12% of its revenue comes from Zynga).[71] In March 2012 ZNGA was trading at $14.fifty.[72] For several years the stock performed poorly, simply in 2022 the price striking a three-year high. Past the stop of 2022 Zynga's shares were trading at $four.00, a 56% proceeds for the yr.[73]

Acquisitions [edit]

Date Games Company New proper noun Price Land Footnotes
July 2008 Yoville cb The states [74]
February 2010 Serious Business Usa [75]
February 2010 Los Angeles, CA

U.s.

[76]
Feb 2010 Bangalore,

India

[77]
May 2010 XPD Media Beijing,

Mainland china

[78]
Aug 2010 Unoh Games Zynga Japan Tokyo,

Japan

[79] [80]
June 2010 Claiming Games Zynga Austin Austin, Texas

USA

[78]
June 2010 Frontierville Zynga East Timonium, MD

The states

[81] [82] [83]
Aug 2010 Conduit Labs Zynga Boston Cambridge, MA

USA

[78] [84]
Sept 2010 Aves Engine

(Game engine engineering)

Dextrose AG Zynga Deutschland Frankfurt,

Germany

[79]
Oct 2010 Bonfire Studios Zynga Dallas Dallas, Texas

USA

[78]
Dec 2010 Words with Friends;

Chess with Friends

Newtoy, Inc. Zynga with Friends McKinney, Texas

The states

[85] [86] [87] [88]
Jan 2011 CSI: Criminal offense Urban center

Parking Wars

Drop7

Area/Code Zynga New York New York,

USA

[89]
March 2011 MoPets;

Madden 2005 and 2006;

NASCAR 07;

Pirates of the Caribbean area;

Flowerz

Floodgate Entertainment Boston,

USA

[90]
Jan 2011 Social browser Flock [91]
April 2011 MarketZero Austin, Texas

United states

[91]
March 2012 Draw Something OMGPop $180 million [92] [93]
June 2012 Tomb Raider;

Tony Militarist

Buzz Monkey Zynga Eugene Oregon,

USA

[94]
Sept 2012 Lucky Train A Bit Lucky $20 million+ [95] [96]
Nov 2012 Battlestone November Software [97]
June 2013 Wizard of Oz;

Hit it Rich Slots

Chilling Cool Labs [98]
Jan 2014 CSR Racing;

Impuissant Ninja

NaturalMotion $527 million Oxford,

Uk

[99]
June 2015 Product Incubator SuperLabs $one.00 [100]
June 2016 Dragon Academy Team Chaos Austin, Texas

USA

[101] [102]
March 2017 Solitaire;

FreeCell;

Pyramid;

Spider Solitaire

Harpan, LLC $42.5 one thousand thousand [103]
Nov 2017 Casual card games Peak Games $100 million Turkey [104]
May 2018 "Merge" games Gram Games $250 million Britain

Turkey

[105]
Dec 2018 Empires & Puzzles Pocket-sized Giant Games $560 million Finland [106]
June 2020 Toy Boom Peak $1.8 billion Turkey [107]
October 2020 Go Knots 3D;

Tangle Master 3D

Rollic $180 million Turkey [108]
March 2021 Echtra Games $21.1 1000000 San Francisco, CA

USA

[109] [110]
May 2021 Chartboost $250 million San Francisco, CA

USA

[111]
August 2021 Golf game Rival StarLark $525 one thousand thousand China [112]

Business model [edit]

Zynga uses a "costless-to-play" business model.[113] Revenue is acquired via direct credit card payments and partner businesses.[114] [115] It sells in-game virtual goods as people play its games, supports in-game advertising,[116] and it has banner advertising around its game portals.[117]

In add-on, Zynga games are linked to offers from several partners. Players can choose to take credit carte du jour offers, take surveys or purchase services from Zynga's partners in order to obtain game credits. Players may also purchase game credits directly from Zynga.[114] In the game, players tin purchase the points for a fee. In March 2010 Zynga started selling pre-paid cards in the U.s.a. for virtual currency.[118]

In March, 2012, Zynga launched a dissever social gaming platform, which included publishing other developers to the Zynga.com platform. Early on 3rd-party developers included Row Sham Bow, Inc and Mobscience.[119] In June 2012, Zynga started running Facebook advertisements and sponsored stories on its website. The revenue was split between Facebook and Zynga.[120]

Hasbro partnership [edit]

In Feb 2012, it was announced that Zynga and Hasbro had partnered to create products based on Zynga properties and brands.[121] In October 2012, Zynga and Hasbro launched eight 'contiguous' games resulting from their collaboration: FarmVille Hungry Hungry Herd and Beast Games; CityVille Monopoly and Skies; Words With Friends Archetype, Luxe, To Go; and Draw Something. The Hasbro games included ties to Zynga Spider web and mobile games, such as in-game currency that players can utilize in the digital versions of CityVille and FarmVille.

Client acquisition [edit]

The company initially relied on free distribution of its product to users, and later began spending coin on marketing.[123] [ better source needed ] In 2017, developing a paid user base of operations took priority over a new user acquisition. According to ane analyst, Zynga can either fund the creation of new games to attract new users, or it can purchase smaller game studios with new games which will bring in new customers.[124]

Platinum Purchase Program [edit]

In September 2010, Gawker reported that Zynga had ready a "Platinum Purchase Program," a private club for their top spenders, assuasive members to purchase virtual currency at favorable rates.[125] Despite some bad publicity, the program was considered a sound core business principle.[126] The program shut downward on October 31, 2014.

Viability [edit]

Some journalists questioned the viability of Zynga'due south business model. Ray Valdes questioned the long-term prospects for Zynga, proverb that it would be hard for the company to make new titles to replace old ones whose novelty is fading.[22] Tom Bollich, a one-time Zynga investor, said that it is impossible to make a cheap viral game, and that retaining customers is difficult.[127]

In an October 2011 article in The Wall Street Journal, Ben Levisohn said that Zynga has "issues that could limit its upside," such as its dependence on Facebook and its reliance on a small percentage of users and a small-scale number of games for most of its revenue.[128]

In July 2012, after announcing disappointing 2nd quarter results, some analysts speculated that the sale of virtual items may not be a long-term, feasible business organization model.[129] Analyst Richard Greenfield downgraded Zynga from "buy" to "neutral."[129] In 2012 Zynga took steps to turn its business around, which included introducing new Web, mobile, and multiplayer games and developing a gambling game to be introduced outside the U.S.[130] [131] The company worked to increment ad revenues, which were upwards to 45 percent in Q2 2012 compared to the previous quarter and increased to 170 percentage year-over-year.[132]

In-game sign-up [edit]

Through 2009, Zynga let players earn in-game rewards for signing upward for credit cards or for a video-rental membership. In November 2009 the company removed all "lead-generating" ads, relying instead on revenue generated by the one-3 percent of players that pay for in-game items. Since so information technology began re-introducing the ads back in but with controls to monitor the kinds of ads that appear.[114]

In early November 2009, information technology was estimated that about i-third of Zynga's revenue came from companies that provide legitimate commercial offers, such as trading Netflix memberships and marketing surveys for in-game cash.[133] Because of criticism and complaints that some ads were scams, on November 2, 2009, former CEO Marker Pincus said that Tatto Media, a major offer provider that enrolled users into recurring cell phone subscriptions, and the worst of the lead generator scam, had already been removed from Zynga and was banned, in add-on to requiring providers to filter and police force offers before posting to their networks.[134]

Corporate civilisation [edit]

In 2011, Zynga started to move employees to new headquarters, located in San Francisco'due south South of Market district.[135] Zynga's headquarters, nicknamed "The Dog House",[136] features a coffee shop, gaming arcade, gym, basketball court, and wellness centre.[137] At its San Francisco headquarters, Zynga Founder Pincus's goal was to create a "playful gaming environment" that evokes a "fantasy country."[136] Zynga employees, also referred to as "Zyngites", enjoy perks such every bit free gourmet meals, access to an in-house nutritionist, and personal training.[138]

Zynga operates as a meritocracy in which employees are encouraged to be and are compensated for existence peachy entrepreneurs. The visitor works hard to be a 'flat organization.' Pincus stated that Zynga is "searching for leaders" and they encourage employees to "intermission the rules". The visitor expects workers to fix what they are unhappy with, thus making the workplace better for everyone.[139]

Pincus stated that Zynga is "edifice a house that we want to live in". He meets with new hires about every two weeks and speaks with them for about 90 minutes, in an open question and respond format. He discusses the company's values, and he encourages the new employees to claiming those values.[139]

Women at Zynga, launched in 2011, is an employee-led resource group that focuses on empowering women to succeed and become leaders in their careers and communities especially within the tech space. According to Stephanie Hess, VP of Communications at Zynga, who also leads Women at Zynga, the grouping strives to attract, hire and retain top female person talent.[140] Women at Zynga too organizes events of special interest to women.[141] [142]

The Christian Science Monitor recognized the company's efforts to use a storytelling model to recognize the variety of women employees.[143]

Zynga has a "family unit beginning" atmosphere and is "child-friendly" for child visitors. The company has seasonal events, such as a Halloween political party to which employees bring their children. Employees feel supported professionally every bit well as personally. The company believes that "allowing employees to be nowadays in all parts of their life will atomic number 82 to more productivity in the workplace and beyond." Zynga also "encourages flexibility and supports employees' personal growth".[142] The company also supports employees with infertility issues.[144]

Zynga offers mothers 26 weeks of paid motherhood leave, and fathers/partners can take 12 weeks of fully paid parental leave. The company also offers free, on-site, gym and fitness classes, free breakfast and dejeuner each twenty-four hour period, a shuttle service to the Bay Area Rapid Transit and CalTrain in San Francisco. The company also has "relaxation lounges" and arcade and console games, dry cleaning services on-site, and indoor bicycle parking. Each of the different locations offer different benefits to a sure extent. In full general, the company is highly "dog-friendly" where "Every day is 'bring your dog to piece of work day'." Employees who own dogs tin can receive treats for them, pet insurance and a canis familiaris park on the roof.[145] In that location is also a "Take as much time off every bit yous need" policy.[146] The 'Blueish Bottle Café' offers gratis specialty java served by baristas.[147] Zynga's culinary program is based on friends cooking for friends, including the menu planning and cooking process.[148]

Prior to the company's 2011 IPO, when Pincus was still CEO, Zynga'south corporate culture received some negative media attention for renegotiating the equity packages of four senior employees.[149] Those employees were required to either surrender function of their non-vested stock or exist fired.[150] Although a San Francisco employment lawyer said in The Wall Street Journal that Zynga's deportment would violate the implied covenant of skilful religion and fair dealing, no court has ruled on the issue since information technology has been rare for companies to demand non-vested stock as a status of connected employment.[150] Pincus later explained that Zynga

wanted to discover them another position at the company versus just parting means. They had the option to leave and have a packet, as happened with some other leaders, but nosotros in addition to that offered them other positions at the visitor that came with dissimilar frontward compensation.[149]

In November 2011, The New York Times reported that Zynga "operates similar a federation of city-states" with each of its games, such as FarmVille and CityVille, run by autonomous teams. This civilization reportedly fostered "fierce internal competition" and acquired some employees to complain most long hours and stressful deadlines.[151] 2 old senior Zynga employees, quoted anonymously by the Times, speculated that Zynga'due south corporate culture caused the company to lose a bid to learn mobile game company PopCap and near derailed its acquisition of MyMiniLife, which later developed the technology that is the basis for FarmVille. At least one Zynga employee said he planned to cash out and leave Zynga after the IPO.[151]

When asked nigh the criticisms Zynga had received for its workplace surround, Pincus said the visitor strives to be a meritocracy[151] with a civilization of leveling up through promotions. Pincus's management philosophy is to "plow people into CEOs", encouraging employees to identify and fully own "something really meaningful" to the company.[152] The CEO's philosophy is part of the Zynga meritocracy in which employees are rewarded for results. Pincus told The New York Times:

The only way people will have the trust to requite their all to their job is if they feel similar their contribution is recognized and valued. And if they see somebody else college above them just because of a skilful résumé, or they see somebody else promoted who they don't call up deserves it, y'all're done.[152]

In Feb 2013, Chief Game Designer Brian Reynolds discussed visitor civilization positively in a post for VentureBeat at the fourth dimension of his go out from Zynga, proverb "the capability to blot and accommodate to alter quickly is one of the great strengths of Zynga's culture – the true significant of the motto and occasional battle cry Zynga Speed!" among other comments.[153]

In 2017, Zynga donated a large sum to the University of Southern California to support the study of social mobile games, inclusive game production, and advancing diversity in the industry.[154]

Recognition [edit]

In 2017, Entrepreneur mag recognized Zynga as i of 11 companies which offering benefits to employees with fertility problems.[155]

Huffington Post recognized Women at Zynga as a group that embodies the company's commitment to gender diversity.[156]

Zynga.org [edit]

In 2009, Zynga started a nonprofit arrangement, Zynga.org, in charge of incorporating charitable contributions into its games such as FarmVille. Every bit of 2015, Zynga.org efforts have raised $20 1000000 for international humanitarian relief efforts and philanthropic initiatives.[157]

Relationship with Facebook [edit]

On July 18, 2011, Zynga filed an addendum to its Form S-1 detailing its human relationship with Facebook, including the 2010 five-year agreement to use Facebook credits exclusively.[158] [159]

On October 11, 2011, Zynga announced plans to create their own platform on which users tin can play the company's games. It was Zynga's first major pace abroad from the social media giant.[160]

At one signal during 2011, Zynga made up 19 percent of Facebook's revenue, partly because of the special mutually benign relationship between the two companies.[161]

In November 2012, Facebook ended its special agreement with Zynga. Effective March 31, 2013, Zynga was bound past the standard Facebook Platform policies.[162]

In May 2017, Zynga launched Words with Friends on Facebook's newly-launched platform Instant Games, on Facebook's Messenger instant messaging app.[163]

Owned studios [edit]

Headquarters [edit]

In the fall of 2010, Zynga signed a rental agreement for 270,000 square feet (25,000 mtwo) of office infinite at the site of old Sega offices.[164] In 2012, the company purchased the entire building, with about 407,000 square feet of total infinite, for $228 million. The building was reported to be worth near $500 million in 2016.[165] [166]

Active studios [edit]

Name Description Date

Caused/established

Footnote
NaturalMotion

(offices in Brighton and London)

Acquired Boss Alien in 2022 when Zynga bought NaturalMotion

for a company tape of $527 million. NaturalMotion had

purchased Boss Alien in the summer of 2012.

2014 [167] [168] [169]
Zynga Chicago Zynga acquired Chilling Absurd Labs June 2013 [170]
Zynga ATX Formerly MarketZero Apr 2011 [171]
Zynga Austin Formerly Challenge Games June 2010 [172]
Zynga Eugene Formerly Buzz Monkey Software June 2012 [173]
Zynga India Bangalore, India Feb 2010 [174]
Zynga Ireland 2011 [175]
Zynga Toronto Formerly Five Mobile July 2011 [176]
Zynga Turkey Zynga acquired Pinnacle Games' casual bill of fare portfolio in 2017 November 2017 [177]
Zynga San Diego

Old studios [edit]

Proper noun Description Engagement

Caused/Established

Appointment Closed Footnotes
OMGPop Draw Something creators March 2012 June 2013 [178] [179]
Floodgage Amusement March 2011 Oct 2012 [180] [181]
Wild Needle A casual games company that makes

games which appeal to women/girls

May 2012 [182]
Zynga with Friends Formerly Newtoy, Inc., based in McKinney, Texas November 2010 June 2013 [183] [184] [185]
Zynga Boston Formerly Conduit Labs August 2010 October 2012 [181]
Zynga People's republic of china Formerly XPD Media, based in Beijing May 2010 February 2015 [186] [187]
Zynga Dallas Formerly Blaze Studios October 2010 June 2013 [188] [184]
Zynga Germany Formerly Dextrose AG, based in Frankfurt September 2010 [189]
Zynga East Based in Baltimore, Maryland May 2009 February 2013 [190]
Zynga Japan Formerly Unoh Games, based in Tokyo August 2010 January 2013 [191] [192]
Zynga Los Angeles February 2010 June 2013 [193] [194] [195]
Zynga New York Formerly Area/Code January 2011 June 2013 [193] [194]
Folio 44 Studios September 2011 [196]
Zynga Seattle Oct 2010 January 2014 [197] [198]
Rising Tide Games September 2015 [199]
Zindagi Games February 2016 [200]
NaturalMotion (Oxford) January 2014 October 2017 [169]

Reception and controversies [edit]

Spam concerns [edit]

Many of Zynga'south games involve players posting messages to non-players, oft for in-game benefits. Many non-players accept notably complained about such communications created past those games that appear to them equally "spammy." Peter Jamison described Zynga's communications equally a "deluge" of "unwanted gifts or requests for neighborly 'assist'".[127] Facebook groups created to express displeasure regarding overexposure of Zynga'due south games attracted millions of members.[114] As a event of this, Facebook modified their application developers policy to prevent applications from sending letters to news feeds of friends or submitting updates to the notifications bar.[201] [202] Kotaku attributed the removal of Facebook notifications to a turn down of users of Zynga games in April and May 2010.[203]

Intellectual property infringement [edit]

Zynga has been defendant several times of copying game concepts of popular games by competing developers.[204] [205] The launch of Mafia Wars sparked a lawsuit from the makers of Mob Wars.[206] An chaser for Psycho Monkey, the creators of Mob Wars, said that in making Mafia Wars, Zynga "copied well-nigh every important attribute of the game."[207] The suit was settled out of court for $7–9 million.[208] An Ars Technica column said that Zynga's Café World and Playfish's Restaurant Metropolis were "nigh identical"; Café Earth was released six months after Restaurant Urban center. Its gameplay, design, graphics, avatars, and even in-game items are almost identical to the ones in Restaurant Metropolis.[209] In add-on, journalists have remarked that Zynga's FarmVille is similar to Farm Town, another Zynga game, with Peter Jamison calling it "uncannily similar."[127] [207]

In September 2010, SF Weekly reported that an employee recalled Mark Pincus advising him to "copy what [Zynga's competitors] do and do information technology until you get their numbers."[127] NimbleBit founder Ian Marsh has defendant Zynga of copying its award-winning Tiny Tower game to create Dream Heights.[210] [211] Within a week, Buffalo Studios alleged that its game Bingo Blitz was copied past Zynga in making Zynga Bingo.[212] Pincus responded by saying that tower-building games accept existed since SimTower (1994) and that Zynga uses mechanics and ideas developed throughout the history of video games to create the "best-in-market games." He added that Bingo Blitz has similarities to the discontinued Zynga game Poker Blitz.[213] In response, Marsh argued that other belfry games like SimTower and Tower Bloxx are substantially unlike from Tiny Tower and Dream Heights, and that Zynga copied Tiny Tower'south "core gameplay mechanics and rules" and tutorial steps.[214] Within Social Games writer Pete Davison said that although Zynga's The Ville is "not a consummate clone" of The Sims Social, it was "very similar."[215]

Zynga founder Marking Pincus has dismissed the criticisms, saying that competing video game makers have always released similar titles for each genre of game.[114] The managing managing director of Lightspeed Venture Partners, Jeremy Liew, said that creating like competing games has "e'er been part of the game industry."[207] Following Zynga's January 2012 release of Hidden Chronicles, Paul Tassi of Forbes wrote that Zynga "refuses to innovate in any style, and is but a follower when it comes to ideas and game pattern."[216] In September 2009 Zynga was threatened with legal action past Nissan for using their trademarks in the game Street Racing. Zynga later on renamed and changed the thumbnail images of all cars that were branded Nissan and Infiniti to "Sindats" and "Fujis" with the thumbnails changed.[217] At the time they also renamed and redesigned automobiles depicted as being made past GM, Ferrari, Lamborghini, Saab, and others. In September 2009, Zynga initiated trade secrets lawsuits against Playdom and 22 other rivals,[218] including Green Patch which Playdom acquired in Nov 2009. These lawsuits were finally settled in November 2010.[219] In Oct 2010, Zynga was criticized on Hacker News[220] and other social media sites for having filed a patent application[221] relating to the ability to purchase virtual currency for greenbacks on gambling and other gaming sites. Commentators said that significant prior art exists for the concept.[222]

In January 2011, Techdirt reported that Zynga sent a terminate and desist letter to Blingville alleging trademark infringement for its use of the messages "ville" in the name of a proposed Facebook game. Blingville filed a suit for declaratory judgment that it did not infringe on a Zynga trademark.[223] As reported in Gamasutra, Jay Monahan of Zynga responded by proverb that Blingville'southward "[employ] of the name 'BlingVille' is an obvious attempt to capitalize on the fame and goodwill associated with Zynga's family unit of 'ville' games which includes FarmVille and CityVille".[224]

In Nov 2011, Inside Mobile Apps wrote that Zynga's lawyers demanded that mobile game programmer Latman Interactive abandon its trademark registration for the game Quackville.[225] Night Owl Games has as well filed a lawsuit for declaratory judgment that its game Dungeonville does non infringe whatsoever Zynga trademarks later Zynga protested Night Owl's registration of the Dungeonville trademark.[226] In May 2012, Zynga sued Kobojo for trademark infringement for calling one of its games PyramidVille.[227] [228] In October that yr Zynga and Kobojo settled the adapt with neither party making any payment every bit part of the settlement.[229]

On May 20, 2011, information technology was reported that The Learning Company, owners of The Oregon Trail trademark, filed a trademark infringement suit against Zynga, which was planning an "Oregon Trail" expansion to FrontierVille.[230] The Learning Visitor had previously contacted Zynga about an Oregon Trail game on Facebook, but Zynga declined.[231] On May 24, Games.com author Brandy Shaul wrote that Zynga was dropping the Oregon Trail proper noun and soliciting new names for the expansion.[232] The name of the expansion became "Pioneer Trail." In March 2022 Zynga announced it was closing half-dozen games, including Pioneer Trail.[233]

In Baronial 2012, Electronic Arts (EA) sued Zynga for copyright infringement, alleging that Zynga's The Ville copied expressive elements of EA'southward The Sims Social.[234] Zynga's counsel responded by alleging that EA's SimCity Social "bears an uncanny resemblance to Zynga's CityVille".[234] The litigants settled their suit in February 2013.[235] [236] The agreement stipulated that each side would carry its ain legal costs and drop the allegations.[237]

On October xiv, 2012, Zynga filed a lawsuit against a former full general manager Alan Patmore, for allegedly misappropriating merchandise secrets. The suit claimed Patmore misappropriated trade secrets and was in breach of contract.[238] The suit was settled in September 2013.[239]

Insider trading allegations [edit]

In July 2012, a class activity lawsuit was filed against Zynga, alleging that Marking Pincus and another insiders were allowed to sell shares before disappointing Q2 results were revealed.[240] [241] The lawsuit was settled in August 2022 for $23 1000000.[242]

In March 2015, a district gauge ruled that plaintiffs can pursue a lawsuit against Zynga on claims executives inflated the company's value prior to its 2011 initial public offering by concealing weaknesses in its R&D pipeline of new games, numbers of users and their purchasing patterns, and other key metrics.[243]

Other legal issues [edit]

In belatedly May 2010, the Norwegian Consumer Council filed a complaint to the Information Inspectorate regarding breaches of the Data Protection Act.[244] In August 2011 the Data Inspectorate concluded that Facebook is not under Norwegian jurisdiction, since the company is established in Ireland and non in Kingdom of norway. The complaint was therefore forwarded to the Irish gaelic commissioner of data protection.[245]

In August 2010, the San Francisco city attorney'south part complained about the business firm's guerrilla marketing campaign for its Mafia Wars game that pasted fake money on metropolis sidewalks, calling it "vandalism".[246] Davis Elen Advertising took responsibility for the ad campaign and agreed to pay the city of San Francisco $45,000 in fines for illegal marketing tactics.[247] [248]

Data breach [edit]

In September 2019, a Pakistani hacker that goes by the name Gnosticplayers claimed to have hacked into Zynga's database of Words with Friends players and gained admission to the 218 million accounts registered in that location. While Zynga affirmed the hack and that the information revealed included names, emails, Login IDs, hashed and salted passwords (SHA-1), password reset tokens, Zynga account IDs and connections to Facebook and other social media services, they did non country how many accounts were afflicted, just would contact those players with afflicted accounts. The data breach-tracking website Have I Been Pwned? affirmed in December 2022 that more than than 173 million accounts were affected.[249] [250] [251]

Mobile games [edit]

Games Facebook Mobile Platform
Boggle With Friends Dark Red x.svg No Green check.svg Aye
Chess With Friends Dark Red x.svg No Green check.svg Yes
Impuissant Ninja Dark Red x.svg No Green check.svg Yep
CSR Racing Dark Red x.svg No Green check.svg Yes
CSR Racing 2 Dark Red x.svg No Green check.svg Yes
CSR Racing Classics Dark Red x.svg No Green check.svg Yes
Crazy Cake Swap Dark Red x.svg No Green check.svg Yep
Crazy Kitchen Dark Red x.svg No Green check.svg Yes
Crosswords With Friends Dark Red x.svg No Green check.svg Yeah
Dawn of Titans Dark Red x.svg No Green check.svg Yeah
Depict Something Dark Red x.svg No Green check.svg Yes
Drop vii Dark Red x.svg No Green check.svg Yes
Empires & Allies Dark Red x.svg No Green check.svg Aye
FarmVille Green check.svg Yes Dark Red x.svg No
FarmVille 2 Green check.svg Yes Dark Red x.svg No
FarmVille ii: Country Escape Dark Red x.svg No Green check.svg Yep
FarmVille 2: Tropic Escape Green check.svg Yes Green check.svg Yes
FarmVille iii: Animals Dark Red x.svg No Green check.svg Yes
FarmVille Harvest Bandy Green check.svg Aye Green check.svg Yep
FarmVille Tropic Escape Dark Red x.svg No Green check.svg Yes
Gems With Friends Dark Red x.svg No Green check.svg Yes
Hanging With Friends Dark Red x.svg No Green check.svg Yes
Harry Potter: Puzzles & Spells Dark Red x.svg No Green check.svg Yes
Hitting It Rich! Casino Slots Green check.svg Yes Green check.svg Yes
Matching With Friends Dark Red x.svg No Green check.svg Aye
Merge Magic Dark Red x.svg No Green check.svg Yes
Princess Helpmate Slots Green check.svg Yeah Green check.svg Yes
Speed Guess Something Dark Red x.svg No Green check.svg Yep
Spin It Rich Green check.svg Yeah Green check.svg Yeah
What's the Phrase Dark Red x.svg No Green check.svg Yep
Willy Wonka Slots Green check.svg Yeah Green check.svg Yep
Wizard of Oz Magic Match Green check.svg Aye Green check.svg Yep
Sorcerer of Oz Slots Green check.svg Yes Green check.svg Yes
Wonka's World of Candy Dark Red x.svg No Green check.svg Yep
Give-and-take Streak With Friends
(Formerly Scramble With Friends)		 Green check.svg Yes Green check.svg Yes
Words With Friends Green check.svg Yes Green check.svg Yes
Words With Friends ii Dark Red x.svg No Green check.svg Yes
Words On Tour Dark Red x.svg No Green check.svg Yes
Yummy Sticky Dark Red x.svg No Green check.svg Yep
Zynga Poker Green check.svg Yep Green check.svg Yes
Zynga Poker Classic Dark Red x.svg No Green check.svg Yes

Board games [edit]

In 2012, Zynga, in conjunction with Hasbro, released several physical lath games based on the various properties in the Zynga game library. These games were released under the Hasbro imprint, "Hasbro Gaming".

As of 2012, Zynga'southward list of bachelor games includes lath game versions of Depict Something, a CityVille edition of Monopoly, Words with Friends, and several kids' "Animal Games" based on FarmVille.[252] [253]

Notes [edit]

  1. ^ Zynga was originally incorporated as Presidio Media in April 2007. The company'due south name was changed to Zynga in July 2007.[ii]

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See too [edit]

  • Browser game
  • Opera GX
  • List of browser games
  • List of multiplayer browser games

External links [edit]

  • Official website Edit this at Wikidata
  • United States Securities and Commutation Commission Form S-1 Registration Statement
  • Business data for Zynga Inc.:
    • Google Finance
    • Yahoo! Finance
    • Bloomberg
    • SEC filings

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Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zynga

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